Take care of yourself: Maintain your stamina and let go out of guilt.
Those who chose to lead at The Edge have high energy to achieve their goals. Achieving high goal requires physical and psychological exhausting.
The expedition of Polar requires good health. But Shackleton did not have it. When his first sailing, he got what is called "sailer's fever" on his voyage. Also the expedition with Scott on Discovery, he got serious ill.
Althogh his health is not enough, his ability to take care of other's are admirable. In contrast, his self-management is not enogh. This caused his early death.
Smart people often lose their self-control on health. One reason fot it is called "summit fever." It is people engage too much on their goals, and all other is faded.
2015年1月26日月曜日
Outline for Research Project
I. Introduction
A.
Leadership is not inborn ability. It can be developed by education.
B.
To run an organization, leadership will be needed.
C.
Leadership education should be included to the educational curricuram (Thesis)
II. What is leadership education
A.
Program done to develop leadership
B.
What is necessary for leadership education
III. Essential skil for leadership;
followership
A.
Followership makes leadership more effective
B. Followership
is not “only follow the leader”. It is help the leader.
IV. Leadership necessary for educators.
A.
Teacher also needs leadership
B.
Leadership is not only intelligence, it is mental intelligence
V.Conclusion
A.
Summary
B.
Restating Thesis
2015年1月18日日曜日
Reflection on Chapter 3
Instill optimism and self-confidence, but stay grounded in reality.
Being optimism is not "not expecting trouble." Optimism person always gets accurate grasp of the present situation, recognize the trouble and soive it. This person has the clear vision of the future since he (or she) trust himself (or herself) and others.
What makes people optimism? I summarised 5 important points.
1. Thinking the future
Optimism people never obsessed by the past. They face to the future, to change the situation.
2. Approaching the goal
They have their own goal, and make efforts to reach it.
3. Being "excellent"
They try to be excellent. "Excellent" does not mean "best." Each of people can be excellnt, and there is not difference.
4. Focusing on results
They always cares results. To do their best, they seek the best action.
5. Facing to problems
When they face to the problem, they seek the solution of it not the problem. This must be possible.
6. Take a quick action
They take a quick action. They never prolong.
These are the essential of optimism and most of good successors have these optimism action. These are not inborn nature, but can be developed by experience or practice.
Being optimism is not "not expecting trouble." Optimism person always gets accurate grasp of the present situation, recognize the trouble and soive it. This person has the clear vision of the future since he (or she) trust himself (or herself) and others.
What makes people optimism? I summarised 5 important points.
1. Thinking the future
Optimism people never obsessed by the past. They face to the future, to change the situation.
2. Approaching the goal
They have their own goal, and make efforts to reach it.
3. Being "excellent"
They try to be excellent. "Excellent" does not mean "best." Each of people can be excellnt, and there is not difference.
4. Focusing on results
They always cares results. To do their best, they seek the best action.
5. Facing to problems
When they face to the problem, they seek the solution of it not the problem. This must be possible.
6. Take a quick action
They take a quick action. They never prolong.
These are the essential of optimism and most of good successors have these optimism action. These are not inborn nature, but can be developed by experience or practice.
My Research Proposal
Education
for Leadership Development
Every
people belongs to any organization, the group of people. When the
organization takes actions, how to unite individuals is the key point
which sometimes determine whether the organization is good or not.
This organizing skill is called “leadership”, and recently this
skill is more required compared to the past like as Super Global
Universities or High Schools which the Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) designated for the
special institutes to raise global leaders in Japan. Though MEXT
designated some institutes for leadership developers, but this
leadership education should be involved into the curriculum for all
students. Some considers leadership is inborn skills and it was
researched for the decades, but according to Lori, its definition is
“an ability which can be developed, not necessarily inborn, and
which is manifested in performance, not merely in potential.” (1)
And also Scott's experiment shows leadership program for teenager is
effective to develop their self-evaluation of leadership. Thus,
leadership education for students should be considered to be
effective. Leadership is not only done by leader. Followership is
also involved into leadership, to make actions more effective. This
is called
Leader-
Memeber Exchange. It is “Leader attribute to subordinates, follower
attributes and implicit theories, follower contribute to effective
leadership, and social learning theory (Yulk).” Follwership should
be studied as well as leadership for deeper understanding of leading.Works Cited
Moore, Lori. Rudd, Rick. EXTENSION LEADERS’ SELF-EVALUATION OF LEADERSHIP SKILL AREAS.
Kleon,
Scott, Rinehart, Susan. Leadership Skill Development of
Teen Leaders.
Yukl,
Gary. Leadership in Organization.
2015年1月8日木曜日
Summary of Chapter 2
Set a personal example with visible, memorable symbols and behaviors.
As a leader, showing something visible attitude encourage the followers. Especially under the stressful situation, it is effective. Leader is the model of what is needed to achieve goal, and who the followers have to aim at. On this chapter, I will focus on the work of speech that the leader must be careful of.
The leader is the ideal model of the organization. Their behavior must be something conduct the followers. Giving actual examples of Shackleton, the total weight of sledge had to be as light as possible in order to march quickly. Personal belongings should be discarded, but Shackleton knew some items have effect on the followers' metal. He set a rule "2 ponds for each person" for the weight. Shackleton threw his golden items away on the icy ground in front of his followers. His action encouraged them. This is the good example that the leader worked as "the model" of everyone.
"Leader" is the model of the organization and also the symbol. One example of how to work as symbol is making a speech.
Making a speech is the mainly important point as the leader. Making firm relationship with each follower is significant, but also relationship of leader-followers is key of the organization. That means organization is not the group of several couple of friends, it is the unity of people who own the same goal. Speech works to affect the unity.
However, merely making a speech is not effective. The speech have to be done with right words, right tone and confidence. When choosing the words, something encouraging and too emotional ones must be avoided because in that situation, the followers are already trying hard and mentally exhausted.
As the speech is delivered, their final goal must be showed constantly. Like we continue to add fuel to keep the fire, it must continue to carry what make the followers' motivation.
As a leader, showing something visible attitude encourage the followers. Especially under the stressful situation, it is effective. Leader is the model of what is needed to achieve goal, and who the followers have to aim at. On this chapter, I will focus on the work of speech that the leader must be careful of.
The leader is the ideal model of the organization. Their behavior must be something conduct the followers. Giving actual examples of Shackleton, the total weight of sledge had to be as light as possible in order to march quickly. Personal belongings should be discarded, but Shackleton knew some items have effect on the followers' metal. He set a rule "2 ponds for each person" for the weight. Shackleton threw his golden items away on the icy ground in front of his followers. His action encouraged them. This is the good example that the leader worked as "the model" of everyone.
"Leader" is the model of the organization and also the symbol. One example of how to work as symbol is making a speech.
Making a speech is the mainly important point as the leader. Making firm relationship with each follower is significant, but also relationship of leader-followers is key of the organization. That means organization is not the group of several couple of friends, it is the unity of people who own the same goal. Speech works to affect the unity.
However, merely making a speech is not effective. The speech have to be done with right words, right tone and confidence. When choosing the words, something encouraging and too emotional ones must be avoided because in that situation, the followers are already trying hard and mentally exhausted.
As the speech is delivered, their final goal must be showed constantly. Like we continue to add fuel to keep the fire, it must continue to carry what make the followers' motivation.
2015年1月6日火曜日
Summary of Negotiation
Negotiation is the important part in our human relationship, thus good negotiation skills make our communication better. Today's reading is about what is noticeable among the skilled negotiators.
Seeking Information
The skilled negotiators try to find more imformation than the average nagotiators do. By doing it, it is possible to obtain necessary information to discussion. Good information controls good discussion.
Testing Understanding and Summarising
Testing understanding is making sure the other understand what has been done in discussion. Summarising is briefly restate the main points in discussion. Both works to avoid the misunderstanding.
Reflecting
Reflecting is similar to testing understanding. It is repeating what the other said to make sure the discussion is being done properly.
Behavior Labelling
The slikked nagotiators provide advanced attention to indentify their behaviors. For example, before they ask "What is the unit cost?", they add more sentence - "Can I ask you a question, what is the unit cost?" This works to draws attention and force the other to respond. Also it brake the negotiation to let both negotiator rethink of what has been talked.
However, there is one exception. The skilled negotiators do not label disagreement. The average negotiators tend to start with "I disagree with ~." In contrast, the skilled state the reasons fisrt, and gradually show disagreement. Stating the reasons first drive the other to listen to the reasons more than labeling disagreement first. Thus the skilled negotiators avoid labeling disagreement in negotiations.
Feeling Commentary
In the negotiaiton, both sides have their true motive in their deep mind, and negotiation is alike seeking what the other want and triying to make an agreement. The skilled negotiators reveal what is going on in their mind to make a trust to the other. In the nagotiation, showing feeling relieves the other.
Reflection on my previous negotiation
In the previous negotiation, I did "seeking information" to make a win-win agreement. But think of it, I never did other acts. If we have a chance to have negotiation next time, I want to pay attetion on all of these above to become "the skilled negotiator". As the reading says, practicing makes us skilled and it is better than only obtaining knowledge.
Seeking Information
The skilled negotiators try to find more imformation than the average nagotiators do. By doing it, it is possible to obtain necessary information to discussion. Good information controls good discussion.
Testing Understanding and Summarising
Testing understanding is making sure the other understand what has been done in discussion. Summarising is briefly restate the main points in discussion. Both works to avoid the misunderstanding.
Reflecting
Reflecting is similar to testing understanding. It is repeating what the other said to make sure the discussion is being done properly.
Behavior Labelling
The slikked nagotiators provide advanced attention to indentify their behaviors. For example, before they ask "What is the unit cost?", they add more sentence - "Can I ask you a question, what is the unit cost?" This works to draws attention and force the other to respond. Also it brake the negotiation to let both negotiator rethink of what has been talked.
However, there is one exception. The skilled negotiators do not label disagreement. The average negotiators tend to start with "I disagree with ~." In contrast, the skilled state the reasons fisrt, and gradually show disagreement. Stating the reasons first drive the other to listen to the reasons more than labeling disagreement first. Thus the skilled negotiators avoid labeling disagreement in negotiations.
Feeling Commentary
In the negotiaiton, both sides have their true motive in their deep mind, and negotiation is alike seeking what the other want and triying to make an agreement. The skilled negotiators reveal what is going on in their mind to make a trust to the other. In the nagotiation, showing feeling relieves the other.
Reflection on my previous negotiation
In the previous negotiation, I did "seeking information" to make a win-win agreement. But think of it, I never did other acts. If we have a chance to have negotiation next time, I want to pay attetion on all of these above to become "the skilled negotiator". As the reading says, practicing makes us skilled and it is better than only obtaining knowledge.
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